An evaluation of different provision strategies for scaled-up container-based sanitation

Abstract Container-based sanitation (CBS) is increasingly used to provide safely managed in low-income urban settlements. However, questions remain around the viability of scaling up technology, partly because it relies on regular emptying and servicing containers by a CBS provider. This paper investigates mechanisms which this process can be achieved efficiently. Three separate collection strategies are evaluated for their routing efficiencies as goes scale. An open-source route optimisation solver determines constituent driving walking distances necessary each strategy has been applied areas Cape Town, Cap-Haïtien, Lima Nairobi. The results indicate that with fewer users (e.g. 50) transfer station models offer shortest routes. these do require carry 170 m when stations 100 apart). As number increases 5,000), visiting individual houses from neighbourhood depot offers efficient distances. Overall, however, suggest economies scaled will largely conditional greater vehicle capacity (rather than any particular provision strategy). highlights importance road access throughout settlements providing viable service at